What is Shot Blasting Process , types of shot blasting Process and their uses & advantage

                                -Shot Blasting-

Shot blasting is a surface preparation process used to clean, polish a material for painting process , usually metal substrate. The process involves propelling small, hard particles (called "shots") at a high speed onto a workpiece, typically using a mechanical device or an air-powered blast system. These shots can be made of materials like steel, glass, or ceramic.

Here’s a more detailed breakdown of the shot blasting process:

1. Shots Material:-

The shots used in shot blasting can vary depending on the specific requirements. Common materials include:

Steel shots: These are most commonly used for metal surface cleaning and rust removal.

There are 2 types of Abrasive steel shots- 

1- G Prefix = Grit amorphous, points and cutting edges, irregular profile.

2- S Prefix = Shot spherical, smoother profile

generally used 1 mm steels shot used  for process.

Glass beads:- These are typically used for polishing or finishing, providing a smoother surface.

Aluminum oxide:- Often used for more aggressive abrasive blasting on hard surfaces.

2. Equipment Used

Blast Wheel/Blast Nozzle: A rotating device (wheel) or nozzle used to accelerate the shots toward the workpiece.

                                                                   

Blast Cabinet or Blast Room: This is the enclosed environment where the shot blasting occurs, designed to contain and recycle the shot material.

Dust Collection System: This ensures that any dust or debris generated during the blasting process is captured to maintain safety and air quality.

3. Process Method:- There are two types :

1- Wet shot blasting process

2- Dry shot blasting process

4. Process Types:-

There are several methods of shot blasting:

Air-blast shot blasting: Uses compressed air to propel the shot media.

Wheel-blast shot blasting: Uses a rotating wheel to fling the shot media at the workpiece.

5. Applications :-

For Cleaning:- Removes rust, scale, or other contaminants from metal surfaces.

For Surface Preparation:- Prepares Surfaces for Coating process like as Powder coating , Liquid Painting and Ced Coating   by creating a uniform profile.

Hardening/Shot Peening: Strengthens metal by inducing compressive stress on the surface, improving fatigue resistance.

Polishing: Used for decorative finishing on metal parts.

6. Advantages:-

Efficient for large-scale operations.

Works well on a variety of materials, including steel, aluminum.

Produces a consistent surface finish.

Can be used for both cleaning and surface enhancement.

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